Beginning in the early 1990s, James F. Moore derived the strategic planning concept from the business ecosystem , now widely adopted in the high-tech community. The basic definition comes from Moore's book, Death Competition: Leadership and Strategy in the Era of Business Ecosystem .
Video Business ecosystem
Asal-usul konsep
This concept first appeared in the June Moore's June/June 1993 Harvard Business Review article, titled "Predator and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition", and won the McKinsey Award for this year's article.
Moore defines "business ecosystem" as:
An economic community supported by the foundations of interacting organizations and individuals - the organism of the business world. The economic community produces valuable goods and services for customers, who are also members of the ecosystem. Member organisms also include suppliers, major producers, competitors, and other stakeholders. Over time, they evolve their abilities and roles, and tend to adapt to the direction set by one or more central companies. Companies that hold leadership roles may change over time, but the function of ecosystem leaders is respected by society as it allows members to move toward a common vision to align their investments, and to find mutually supportive roles.
Moore uses several ecological metaphors, which indicate that the company is embedded in a business environment, which needs to be coordinated with other companies, and that "the particular niche a business challenges is challenged by newly arrived species." This means that companies need to be proactive in developing mutually beneficial relationships ("symbiosis") with customers, suppliers, and even competitors.
Using ecological metaphors to describe structures and business operations is increasingly common, especially in the field of information technology (IT). For example, J. Bradford DeLong, an economics professor at the University of California, Berkeley, has written that "business ecosystems" describe "the pattern of launching new technologies that have emerged from Silicon Valley". He defines the business ecology as "a more productive set of processes for developing and commercializing new technologies" characterized by "rapid prototyping, short product development cycles, preliminary test marketing, optional compensation, business financing, early self-reliance." DeLong has also stated that this new way is likely to persist "because it is a better business ecology than the refined and refined model that is refined at Xerox Parc - a more productive set of processes for developing and advancing new technologies quickly."
Mangrove Software, The Montague Institute, Kenneth L. Kraemer, director of the University of California, Irvine Information Technology and Organization Research Center, Vice President of Micromedia, Ltd., Tom Gruber, founder and CTO Intraspect Software, Vinod K. Dar, Managing Director Dar & amp; The company, all of them support this approach.
Maps Business ecosystem
Industry
Gruber explains that over a century ago, Ford Motors did well using mass production methods, assembly lines, and insourcing. However, Ford began to outsource its production "[w] when ecology evolved." Gruber (nd) has stated that such evolution in the ecology of the business world is "punctuated now and then by radical changes in the environment" and that "globalization and the Internet are equivalent to large-scale climate change." Globalization eliminates the traditional advantages of large corporations: capital, access to markets, and economies of scale ".
The service provider industry (ASP) is moving toward a network of relationships and focusing on core competencies. "According to the Gospel of Cisco Systems, companies tend to exist together in" ecosystems "facilitating the delivery of Internet-based applications that are imminent."
The book also uses a natural system metaphor without addressing the interface between human business and biological ecosystems.
Another work defines the business ecology as "a new field for sustainable organizational management and design," one "based on the principle that organizations, as living organisms, are most successful when their developments and behaviors are aligned with their core goals and values ​​- what we call "social DNA."
The company's need to pay attention to ecological health is demonstrated by the following: "Business ecology is based on the structure and principles of an elegant natural system.He acknowledges that in order to develop a healthy business ecosystem, leaders and their organizations must see themselves, and their environment, through the "ecological lens".
Biological ecosystem
Some environmental experts have used "business ecosystems" as a way to talk about environmental issues because they are related to business rather than as a metaphor to illustrate the increasing complexity of intercompany relationships. According to Townsend, business ecology is the study of the mutual relationship between business and organism and their environment. The goal of this "business ecology" is sustainability through complete ecological synchronization and business integration with habitable, used, and influenced sites.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments