" James while John already has had a better effect on teachers " is an English sentence used to denote lexical ambiguity and the need for punctuation, which serves as a substitute for the intonation, stress, and pause found in speech. In the study of human information processing, sentences have been used to show how the reader relies on punctuation to give the meaning of a sentence, especially in the context of scanning across lines of text. The sentence is sometimes presented as a puzzle, in which the solver must add punctuation.
This refers to two students, James and John, who were asked by an English test to describe a man who suffered from cold in the past. John wrote, "The man is cold," which the teacher mistakenly made, while James wrote the truth, "The man has the flu." Because James's answer is correct, it has a better effect on the teacher.
This sentence is more easily understood by adding punctuation and emphasis:
James, while John has " got ", has " already had "; " has " has a better effect on teachers.
In each of the five pairs the word "has had" in the sentence above, the first of the pair in perfect form in the past. Tilted examples show emphasis on intonation, focusing on differences in student answers, and finally identifying the truth.
Video James while John had had had had had had had had had had had a better effect on the teacher
Usage
Sentences can be given as a grammatical puzzle or an item on a test, which must find the correct punctuation to give meaning. Hans Reichenbach used the same sentence in 1947 as an exercise for the reader ("John where Jack..."), to illustrate the various levels of language, the object language and the metal language.
In studies that show how people understand information in their environment, this phrase is used to show how arbitrary-seeming decisions can drastically alter meanings, analogous to how changes in punctuation and quotes in the sentence indicate that teachers alternately prefer James's work and John's Work (eg, compare: 'James, while John has "possessed," has...' vs. 'James, while John has "possessed,"...').
This sentence is also used to show the semantic vagueness of the word "got," as well as to show the difference between using a word and mentioning a word.
It has also been used as an example of the complexity of language, its interpretation, and its influence on one's perceptions.
For syntactic structures to make it clear to the reader, this sentence requires, at a minimum, that two phrases are separated by using semicolons, dots, en-dashes or em-dashes. However, the novel Jasper Fforde The Well of Lost Plots uses phrase variations to illustrate the confusion that may arise even from well-written papers:
"Okay," said the Bellman, whose head was in danger of falling apart like a chocolate orange, "let me straighten this: David Copperfield, unlike Pilgrim's Progress ', has' got '.' Has 'got TGC approval?'
Maps James while John had had had had had had had had had had had a better effect on the teacher
See also
- Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo
- The Lion-Eating Poet at Den Batu
- List of linguistic sample sentences
- That it is that which is not is that it is
References
External links
- Description of the concept on YouTube
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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