The dress code is a set of written rules and, more often, not written related to clothing. Clothing, like other aspects of human physical appearance, has social significance, with different rules and expectations applied depending on circumstances and opportunities. In one day, an individual may need to navigate between two or more dress codes. For example, many navigate between home dress code and dress code; usually this ability is the result of cultural acclimatization. Different societies and cultures will have different dressing norms, although Western styles are widely accepted as legitimate.
The dress code has been built in rules or signals that show the message given by a person's clothing and how the clothes are worn. This message may include indications of one's sex, income, occupation and social class, political, ethnic and religious affiliation, attitudes toward comfort, fashion, tradition, gender expression, marital status, sexual availability, and sexual orientation. Clothing conveys social messages including claiming or claiming personal or cultural identity, establishing, defending, or opposing social group norms, and appreciating convenience and functionality.
For example, wearing expensive clothing can communicate wealth, wealth imagery, or quality clothing. Observers see expensive clothing, but may misinterpret the extent to which these factors apply to the wearer. Clothes can convey a social message, even if nothing is intended: if the recipient's interpretation code is different from the sender's communication code, misinterpret the following. However, clothing can be worn because it is comfortable and practical, not delivering a message.
In every culture, today's fashion governs how clothing is made, assembled, and used to convey social messages. The rate of change of fashion varies, in clothing and accessories within months or days, especially in small social groups or in modern societies that are influenced by communication media. Broader change, requiring more time, money, and effort to influence, can reach several generations. When the mode changes, the message communicated by the clothing changes.
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History
Europe
In the Middle Ages, European nobility and nobility used dress code to distinguish themselves from other people's classes.
Americas
The Indigenous Peoples of the Northwest Pacific Coast have complex social structures, including slaves, commoners, and nobles, and dress codes to show this social difference. John R. Jewitt, an Englishman who wrote memoirs of his years as a prisoner of the Nuu-chah-nulth people in 1802-1805, explained how, after some time living there, Maquinna and the leaders decided that he now had to " considered one of them, and in accordance with their customs ". Jewitt hates the imposition of this dress code, finds loose-fitting clothing that is not very cold stitched, and connects them with the next near-death illness. She was not allowed to cut her hair, and had to paint her face and body like Nootka did.
Maps Dress code
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Gender
In most traditions, certain types of clothing are worn exclusively or dominated by men or women. For example, long arms are common for both sexes, and while the use of knee-length or knee-length skirts tends to be associated with women's clothing, ankle trousers are associated with men's clothing. Hair styling in some societies may also be in keeping with the dress code, such as long hair for women and short hair for men.
Social status
In many societies, certain clothing can be a status symbol, reserved or affordable for high-ranking people. For example, in Ancient Rome only senators were allowed to wear Tyrian purple outfits; and, in traditional Hawaiian societies, only tribal chiefs can wear fur and palaoos or carved whale teeth. In China before the establishment of the republic, only the emperor could wear yellow.
In 1996, former US President Bill Clinton announced his support for the idea of ​​school uniforms by stating, "School uniforms are one step that can help break the cycle of violence, truancy and chaos by helping young students understand what counts are actually what their people are like. "Many school districts in the United States took the idea. By requiring students to wear school uniforms they tend to have something to make fun of other students. This will cause the students to get to know each other by their personality and who they really are than the clothes they wear.
Jobs
Military, police, and firefighters usually wear uniforms, as do workers in many industries. School children often wear school uniforms, while students and students sometimes wear academic attire. Members of religious orders may wear uniforms known as customs. Sometimes a single item of clothing or accessory may state the work or rank of a person in a profession
Ethnic and political affiliation
In many regions of the world, national costumes and styles in clothing and ornaments proclaim membership in villages, castes, religions, etc. A Scotsman declares his tribe with his tartan. A French peasant woman identifies her village with a hat or shroud. A Palestinian woman identifies her village with an embroidered pattern on her shirt.
Clothing can also proclaim dissent from mainstream cultural norms and beliefs, as well as personal independence. In 19th-century Europe, artists and writers lived on vie de BohÃÆ'¨me and dressed in surprise: George Sand wore menswear, emancipated women in bloomers, male artists with vest vests and neck shawls conspicuous. Bohemians, beatniks, hippies, Goths, Punks, and Skinheads have continued the 20th century (contra-cultural) tradition in the West.
Religious affiliation
A Jewish or Muslim man can show his religious affiliations by wearing hats and other traditional clothing. Many Muslim women wear headgear or body cover (see veil hijab, headscarf, burqa or niqab, chador, and abaya) stating their status as respectable women and covering up the so-called intimate parts. A Jewish man can show his obedience to Judaism by wearing a kippah.
Marital status
Traditionally, Hindu women wear sindoor, red powder, in the center of their hair to show their marital status; if widows, they leave sindoor and jewelry and wear simple white clothes. However, this does not apply to all Hindu women; in the modern world this is not the norm and women without sindoor not necessarily unmarried.
In many Orthodox Jews, married women wear headdresses such as hats, hair clips, or wigs. In addition, after their marriage, Ashkenazi Jewish men began wearing talc during prayer.
Men and women in the Western world may wear wedding bands to show their marital status, and women can also wear engagement rings when they are engaged.
In New Guinea and Vanuatu, there are areas where it is customary for men to wear nothing but a penis envelope in public - this is not common in more developed areas. Women wearing rope skirts. In remote areas of Bali, women can go topless. In America and some parts of Europe, there are naked beaches.
In the United States, some businesses or restaurants display dress codes that require shoes and shirts, claim to be there because of the health code, even though there is no such health code. Also, there is a general belief that there are laws prohibiting driving barefoot. However, there is no such law. It is very unusual for people to be naked in public in the United States and in many circumstances, it is illegal. Many states and cities have laws and ordinances for indecent exposure and sometimes nudity may overlap with disorderly behavior. However, there are several beaches and private resorts that cater to people who want to be naked.
The "Free the Nipple Movement" is a global campaign that seeks equality and empowerment for women when it comes to dress code. It arises in reaction to the idea that it is socially acceptable for men to appear without clothes in public; whereas, a woman who looks topless in public will be interpreted as indecent. The states of New York, New Hampshire, Hawaii, Ohio, and Texas have made it legal for men and women to appear topless in public. The other states consider the exposure of women's nipples as indecent exposure, putting them in a position where they can be charged with a criminal offense. This seems to be a gender law that promotes different expectations about how one is expected to dress when in public.
The Gender Nondiscrimination Law prohibits employers, healthcare providers and housing authorities to discriminate against people on the basis of gender. While employers can not differentiate in their recruitment practices, they have the ability to create gender uniforms. Employers can not force a person to wear uniforms for the sexes that they do not identify themselves as, but this is a problem for non-binary gender people. In society, clothing marketed by gender and dressed in the established line is often interpreted as an anomaly. Skirts, dresses, and high heels are clothes that are marketed almost exclusively for women. If a man wore these pieces in public, it would be seen as beyond the norm.
Personal dress code
Private organizations may demand special or standard dress code in certain situations.
- Religious bodies may demand standards of simplicity followed in their places and events.
- Employees are sometimes required to wear certain uniforms or clothing standards, such as business suits or ties. This may depend on a particular situation, for example if they are expected to interact with customers. (see also international standard business attire) This policy varies depending on the industry with lawyers, bankers and executives who often wear suits and ties. Some workplaces require that tattoos be closed.
- Disco coaches or nightclubs are sometimes expected to dress in a certain style, such as sleepwear; and the disco guards or nightclubs sometimes refuse entry to people whose clothing is deemed incompatible with the mood of the venue.
- The casino builder, shop, or restaurant is usually expected to dress up to minimum standards, such as casual fun.
- Some party organizers sometimes specify a costume or theme for the event, such as a naked party or a toga party.
- Clubs of amulets often need a protector to dress amulets or black ones.
The dress code works on a particular social event and for a specific job. Military institutions may require certain uniforms; if possible wear plain clothes it can place restrictions on its use.
Dress code "formal" or white tie usually means a tail coat for men and long evening dresses for women. "Semi-formal" has an inappropriate definition but usually means a night jacket and tie for a man (known as a black tie) and a dress for women. "Casual business" usually means not wearing a tie or jacket, but wearing a collared shirt, and more country pants (not black, but more casually), including things like corduroy). "Relax" usually only means clothes for body, feet, and shoes. "Wedding Casual" defines another fashion fad, in which the guests dress respectfully, but not always strangely. This uniform may consist of various items that fit the length and style depending on what the school shows: for example, khakis or shorts, plaid skirts, buttoned shirt, sweater, coat and tie and even socks. Some schools have each color-coded class that communicates the value of what the student is entering. That way, if a student loses a person, he can know how much they value by just looking at the color of their shirt. If students are younger, older students and faculty can monitor them and make sure they are safe. Organizations that seek to maintain standards of decency have difficulty with thin and transparent attire.
Dress code usually sets a lower bound on the body cover. However, it can sometimes determine the opposite: for example, in British gay jargon, dress code , it means people who are militarily clothed. Nightclubs in nightclubs, and elsewhere, are considered to be specifically targeting people with militaristic fetishes (eg male skinheads).
Education
History at school
The dress code was first applied in the school system to prevent students from wearing inappropriate clothing to school and was thought to create a safer and more professional environment. Although the dress code was created to positively affect the school, the rule actually precludes the right of students to express themselves. There are many court cases regarding school dress code, the first being Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent School District. The case was held because students were wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam war.
Position
The main attitudes to school dress code are two extremist sides, to completely remove the dress code or to introduce dress code, and the middle look, to customize the dress code. Lawyers of the dress code pro explain the class benefits of an interference-free and professional environment greater than the negative social effects placed on students. Those who oppose dress code argue that the dress code takes your 14th Amendment right. The middle attitude wants to push for a change in their current policy.
Example
In some elementary schools, students are prohibited from wearing shorts, leggings, crop tops, trousers, and other clothing deemed "too open" or "inappropriate".
In college, the most common type of dress code is a casual business, but most colleges do not have a dress code requirement.
Uncommunicative and communicative
Violation of non-communicative dress code in public schools is a violation without hate implications, gang affiliations, etc. Violation of the code of communicative clothing is an explicit violation, in which clothing has implications of hatred, violence, gang affiliation, etc...
Violation of dress code and court
In cases where the rules of dress codes in the public school system have been violated by non-communicative attire, the courts repeatedly legitimize gender-based discrimination. Among transgender populations, gender-based dress codes are primarily upheld against individuals who have not graduated.
Workplace
White-collar workwear has changed significantly over the years. In the corporate office, appropriate clean clothes, casual business clothing such as (for men) shirts, polo shirts, and trousers, or other similar clothing. Jackets, ties, and other formal clothing are usually only required in legal offices and financial sector offices. Earlier dress codes (1950s in the US) featured standard business attire that greatly distinguished what was acceptable and unacceptable for men and women to wear while working. Today, both styles have joined; women's work clothes expanded to include suits (and variants) in addition to the usual dresses, skirts, and blouses; men's clothing has been expanded to include clothing and vibrant colors.
Casual wear enters the business culture with the advent of Silicon Valley, California, a technology company featuring casual work clothes at work. In addition, some companies set aside days - generally Friday ("Friday dress", "regular Friday") - when workers may wear casual clothes. Clothes companies that require workers to wear them at work vary with work and profession.
Some businesses observe that anti-discrimination laws restrict them from determining what is appropriate and inappropriate work clothes. Requiring men and women to dress differently in the workplace can be challenged because the gender-coded code will be based on one gender and can be considered stereotyped. In reality, however, most businesses have much authority in determining and defining the workplace they can need from their workers. Generally, carefully designed dress codes consistently do not violate anti-discrimination laws.
Casual business
Business casual clothing , as well as "smart casual", is a popular workplace dress code that appeared in white-collar workplaces in Western countries in the 1990s, especially in the United States and Canada. Many of the information technology businesses in Silicon Valley were early adopters of this dress code. In contrast to formal business clothing such as clothing and ties (international standard business attire), the rules of casual business dress do not have a generally accepted definition; its interpretation differs widely among organizations and is often the cause of clothing disorder among workers.
The job search engine Monster.com offers this definition: In general, casual business means dressed professionally, looking casual, but neat and interesting together . A more pragmatic definition is that casual business attire is the midpoint between formal business attire and street clothes. Examples of combinations of clothing that are considered appropriate for work by businesses that consider themselves to be in business-casual dress code are:
- for men: shirt with collar (polo shirt) and cotton pants (or "khaki" in American English).
- for women: tennis suits and trousers.
Generally, ties are excluded from business casual clothing, unless subject to non-traditional means. Acceptability of blue jeans and denim clothes vary - some businesses consider it careless and informal.
Inverse dress codes
The dress code is reversed, sometimes referred to as "undress code", setting the upper limit, rather than the lower bound, on the cover of the body. An example of a code undress is commonly applied in modern communal bath facilities. For example, in the SchwabenQuellen public baths, no clothing is allowed in the sauna section of the resort. Other non-strictly undress codes are common in public swimming pools, especially indoor swimming pools, where shoes and T-shirts are disallowed.
Places where social nudity is practiced may be "optional clothing," or nudity may be mandatory, with the exception. See issues in social nudity.
Violation of taboo clothing
Some clothing clothing may occur intentionally for reasons of fashion or personal preference. People have the right to express themselves in freedom of speech and expression under the first amendment, but some styles of clothing that people may choose to wear may be seen as taboo or offense. The dress code is the way in which public schools use to limit violence and danger in the classroom and at school, as Sue M. Stanley, a professor at California State University, Long Beach, wrote in the journal Education and Urban Society. He said how clothing styles, such as gang clothing, are linked to violence in schools. He believes that dress and uniform rules will reduce the focus on fashion and violent contests and instead promote ideas and achievements. Violation of taboo clothing, such as students who wear gang clothing or clothes that are deliberately made loose, may be considered unsafe by the administrator. However, these students only express themselves in their style and fashion. For example, male teenagers from rap duo Kris Kross from the early 1990s wore all their clothes backwards and were very loose. Just because the kids from rap duo Kris Kross wearing their clothes like this do not make them dangerous. Instead, they just try to be different and break the common "rules" mode to express themselves. Limiting students to wearing only certain clothes or uniforms because of the fashion taboo is a violation of their freedom of expression. As Paul M. Murphy, a lawyer and writer for the Southern California Legal Review, writes in the article "Limiting Clothes Gangs in Public Schools: Is Clothing Codes Breaking Student Free Expression Rights" in the Southern California Law Review, such as keeping schools safe , administrators forbid students from wearing clothing associated with gangs. But this is a violation of the first amendment which is freedom of speech and expression, said Paul M. Murphy. There may be different styles of clothing that can be seen as taboo for different age groups and sex to wear as well. For example, for older women to wear brighter colors and open or overly suggestive clothes is seen as a taboo outfit for this woman's era. This information was taken from a survey conducted by the journal Aging and Society, where they had 36 women from ages 71 to 93 saying what clothes they normally would not wear, to see what their perspective about dress and different styles was due to their age group. The majority of women say they do not use styles such as bright colors and overly seductive clothes. Women see this style as taboo for their age, but that does not mean that one can not wear this style of clothing if they are in this age group. There are various brands of clothing and shops that can be seen as taboo as well. In a study conducted in the Journal of Technical Development Studies of the University of the Middle East, the researchers took 300 participants in an emerging market context to see the effects of different styles and brands on the participants. The result is that customers become less predictable and more diverse in their brands and clothing stores than ever before. It shows how people have many different styles of clothing and fashion, and how to make taboo outfits become less common and not seen as a limitation.
Rebellion against dress code
Social attitudes toward clothing have brought with it various social rules and conventions, such as keeping the body closed, and not showing underwear in public. The reaction to these social norms has become a traditional form of rebellion. A common example of rebellion, the universal dress code is a crossover. Cross dressing is defined as wearing distinctive clothing of the opposite sex. This is an uprising against the dress code, as it contradicts the social norms of the general dress code for men and women. Also over time, Western societies are gradually adopting more casual dress code at work, school, and recreation. This is especially true since the early 1960s.
On Monday, September 22, 2014, "about 100 pupils walked out of Bingham high school in South Jordan, Utah." The students held a strike because more than a dozen girls turned away from the homecoming dance for wearing dresses that violated dress code. "The school staff allegedly put the girls on the wall when they arrived and threw about two dozen to have a dress that supposedly showed too much skin and breaking the rules." It is believed that this action is awkward and embarrassing towards female students, who spawned walkouts.
Restrictions on certain dress codes in schools in North America are believed to perpetuate sexist standards, as they concentrate specifically on women and what they are and are not allowed to wear. There is also an emphasis on the effect of the choice of women's clothing on male friends, which some perceive as inappropriate. In March 2014, a group of high school girls from Evanston, Illinois protested their school dress code, which prohibited them from wearing leggings to school on the pretext that it was "too disturbing for boys." The thirteen-year-old student, Sophie Hasty, quoted in Evanston Review said that "being unable to wear leggings because 'too much for boys' gives us the impression we should be guilty of what men do." In a Time magazine article covering the incident, Eliana Dockterman argues that teachers and administrators in these schools "walk the fine line between enforcing dress codes and insulting prostitutes."
In September 2014, a similar incident occurred at Tottenville High School in Staten Island, New York. In the first few days of the semester, two hundred detention slips are given to students who violate the school dress code. Approximately ninety percent of the distributed slips are given to girls because their clothes are considered "distracting for teaching and learning." Many claim that making women feel guilty for the actions of boys is similar to telling victims of sexual violence that they "ask" to dress in a certain way and thus have been linked to the practice of torture.
A Canadian teenager, Lauren Wiggins, was given detention in May 2015 for wearing a floor-length dress with a halter neckline. The punishment prompted Wiggins to write an open letter to the assistant vice principal at Harrison Trimble High School in Moncton, New Brunswick. In the letter, Wiggins concentrated specifically on the fact that women are often blamed for the behavior of men, saying that if a boy "gets distracted by my upper back and shoulders then he needs to be sent home and practice self-control." He was then given a postponement one day after writing and sending the letter.
See also
- Academic attire
- Full dress
- Hanfu
- Hemline
- Higher rights policy
- Nonverbal communication
- Relax smart
- The social role of hair
- Subculture
- Luxury law
- Sun protective clothing
- Western dress code
- Workwear
- Nudity
- Topfree Equality
- No naked
References
External links
- The majority of Americans would rather die than take off their clothes on the Wayback machine (archived May 23, 2006) (Buzz Beach)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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