Florence Nightingale Graham (31 December 1878 - 18 October 1966), who used the business name Elizabeth Arden , is a Canadian businesswoman who founded what is now Elizabeth Arden, Inc., and build a cosmetics empire in the United States. In 1929 he had 150 high-end salons throughout the United States and Europe. 1000 products are found in luxury markets in 22 countries. He is the sole owner, and at the peak of his career, he is one of the richest women in the world.
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Arden was born in 1878 in Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada. Her parents had emigrated to Canada from Cornwall, England in the 1870s. His father, William Graham, was Scottish, and his mother, Susan, was a Cornish and had arranged for a rich aunt in Cornwall to pay for her son's education. Arden dropped out of nursing school in Toronto.
He later joined his older brother in Manhattan, working briefly as a bookkeeper for Pharmaceutical Company E. R. Squibb. While there, Arden spends hours in their lab, learning about skin care. He then worked - once again briefly - to Eleanor Adair, an early beautician, as a "care girl".
In the salon and through his marketing campaign, Elizabeth Arden emphasizes teaching women how to apply makeup, and pioneering concepts like cosmetic formulation, beauty makeover, and eye color coordination, lips, and makeup.
Elizabeth Arden is largely responsible for setting up makeup as appropriate and appropriate - even necessary - for images such as women, when previously the makeup is often associated with lower classes and prostitutes. She targets middle-aged women and ordinary women whose beauty products promise a youthful and beautiful image.
In politics, Elizabeth Arden is a strong conservative who supports the Republican Party.
Maps Elizabeth Arden
Careers
In 1909, Arden established a partnership with Elizabeth Hubbard, another cult. Business relationships were dissolved after six months. Graham, who wants a trade name, uses "Elizabeth" to save money on his salon sign. He chose the last name, "Arden", from the nearest farm. So the trade name "Elizabeth Arden" was formed. From there, Arden was founded, in 1910, a Red Door salon in New York, which has remained synonymous with its name ever since (see under Elizabeth Arden, Inc.)
In 1912, Arden traveled to France to learn beauty techniques and facial massage used in Paris beauty salons. He returned with a collection of rouges and colored powder he created. He began expanding his international operations in 1915, and began to open salons around the world. In 1934, he opened the Maine Chance spa in Rome, Maine, the first destination beauty spa in the United States. It was operated until 1970.
In 1962, the French government awarded Arden the LÃÆ' Â © gion d'Honneur, in recognition of its contribution to the cosmetics industry.
On October 18, 1966, Arden died at Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan. He was interred at the Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York, under the name Elizabeth N. Graham.
In popular culture
War Paint music dramatizes its rivalry with rival Helena Rubinstein. After a very successful outdoor trial at the Goodman Theater in Chicago, the show opened on Broadway at the Nederlander Theater on April 6, 2017, resulting in four Tony Award nominations, including Best Actress in the Main Role for Christine Ebersole's portrayal of Arden and for Patti Lupone for her role as a rival, Rubinstein. The show did not interest the audience; scheduled for December 30, 2017 close, the date moved to November 5, due to the need for hip Patti LuPone surgery.
Comedy Lip Service by Australian playwright John Misto tells the life and career of Helena Rubenstein and her rivalry with Arden and Revlon. Lip Service premiered on April 26, 2017 at Park Theater, London, under the title of Madame Rubenstein, before opening at the Sydney Ensemble Theater in August of the same year.
References
- Woodhead, Lindy (2004). War Paint . Female warrior. p.Ã, 94. ISBNÃ, 1-84408-049-8.
Further reading
- Haag, Karin Loewen (1999). "Arden, Elizabeth". In Commire, Anne. Women in World History: A biographical encyclopedia . 1 . Waterford, CT: Yorkin Publication, Gale Group. pp.Ã, 442-446. ISBN: 0787640808. Ã,
- Marshall, Mary (2008). Big Breeders and Their Methods . Russell Meerdink Co. Ltd. ISBNÃ, 978-0-929346-82-3.
- Peiss, Kathy (2011). Bottled hope: The creation of an American beauty culture . University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Willett, Julie A. (2010). The American Beauty Industry Encyclopedia . ABC-CLIO. pp.Ã, 22-25.
- Woodhead, Lindy (2004). War Paint . Female warrior. ISBN: 1-84408-049-8.
External links
- Elizabeth Arden at Elizabeth Arden, Inc.
- Elizabeth Arden at the company of Elizabeth Arden, Inc.
- Florence Nightingale Graham in Model Mode Directory
- The FBI Document on Elizabeth Arden
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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