Modular design , or "modularity in design", is a design approach that divides the system into smaller parts called modules or skids, which can be created independently and then used in different systems. A modular system can be characterized by functional partitions into scalable and reusable modules; strict use of well-defined modular interfaces; and leverage industry standards for interfaces.
In addition to cost reductions (due to less customization, and shorter study time), and flexibility in design, modularity offers other benefits such as augmentation (adding new solutions just by inserting new modules), and exceptions. Examples of modular systems are automobiles, computers, process systems, solar panels and wind turbines, elevators, and modular buildings. Previous examples include looms, rail signal systems, telephone exchanges, pipe organs, synthesizers and power distribution systems. Evolution also results in the modular design of species in homologous modules that share roughly the same form or function appearing in different organisms. Computers use modularity to cope with changing customer demands and make manufacturing processes more adaptive to change (see modular programming). The modular design is an attempt to combine the benefits of standardization (high volume is usually equal to low production costs) with customization. The disadvantage for modularity (and this depends on the level of modularity) is that the low-quality modular system is not optimized for performance. This is usually due to the cost of installing interfaces between modules.
Video Modular design
In vehicle
Modular design aspects can be seen in cars or other vehicles as far as there are certain parts to the car that can be added or removed without changing the rest of the car.
A simple example of a modular design in a car is the fact that, while many cars come as a base model, paying extra will allow for "snap in" upgrades such as more powerful engines or seasonal tires; this does not require changes to other units of the car such as chassis, rudder, electric motor or battery system.
Maps Modular design
In the machine and architecture
Modular design can be seen in certain buildings. Modular buildings (as well as modular homes) generally consist of universal components (or modules) manufactured at the factory and then sent to the manufacture site where they are assembled into various settings.
Modular buildings can be added or reduced in size by adding or removing specific components. This can be done without changing the larger part of the building. Modular buildings may also experience functional changes using the same component additions or deletions.
For example, an office building can be built using modular parts such as walls, frames, doors, ceilings, and windows. The interior can then be partitioned (or shared) with more walls and equipped with a desk, computer, and whatever else is needed for a functioning workspace. If the office needs to be extended or subdivided to accommodate employees, modular components such as wall panels can be added or moved to make the necessary changes without changing the entire building. Then, this same office can be broken down and rearranged to form a retail space, meetinghouse or other type of building, using the same modular components that originally formed office buildings. The new building can then be updated with whatever items are required to perform the desired function.
Other types of modular buildings offered from companies like the Modular Allied include guardhouse, machine cage, press box, conference room, two-story building, clean room and more applications.
Many misconceptions are held regarding modular buildings. Actually modular construction is a viable construction method for a fast-changing and fast-growing company. Industries that will benefit from this include healthcare, commercial, retail, military, and multi-family/student housing.
On television
In 1963 Motorola introduced the first rectangular color drawing tube, and in 1967 introduced the modular Quasar brand. In 1964, he opened his first research and development branch outside the United States, in Israel under the management of the Moses Valley. In 1974, Motorola sold its television business to Matsushita based in Japan, the parent company of Panasonic.
On the computer hardware
The modular design in computer hardware is the same as anything else (eg cars, refrigerators, and furniture). The idea is to build a computer with easily replaceable parts that use a standard interface. This technique allows users to enhance certain aspects of the computer easily without having to buy another computer at all. This idea is also being implemented at Project Ara, which provides a platform for producing to create modules for smartphones that can then be customized by end users.
Computers are one of the best examples of modular design. The common modules include power supply units, processors, motherboards, graphics cards, hard drives, and optical drives. All of these parts should be easily replaced as long as users are using the sections that support the same standard interface. Similar to computer modularity, other tools have been developed to utilize modular designs, such as LittleBits Electronics, which clamp together with interoperable modules to create circuits.
Modular Design, Digital Twin, and Industry 4.0 directions
During a presentation from the University of Michigan's PLM center, Grieves launched in the modular design contest the ideal idea "Idetual is ideal for PLM", which introduces: real space, virtual space, links to data stream from real space to virtual space, link to information flow from space virtual to real space and virtual sub-space. Egan (PTC Inc.) discloses strategies for the implementation of modular designs in the PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) contest through processes initiated with cross-functional input to product architecture definitions, and includes architectural development programs that create product integrity over the life cycle. Grieves has produced an effective definition of digital twins: "A strategic business approach that implements a consistent set of business solutions in support of collaborative creation, management, dissemination and use of enterprise-wide product definition information from the concept to the end of life. -integrate people , processes, business systems, and information ".
Integrating Life and Energy rating into modular design
Some authors have observed that modular design has resulted in the vehicle industry constant weight increase over time. Trancossi advances the hypothesis that modular design can be combined with several optimization criteria derived from construction law. In fact, the law of construction is modular for its nature and can be applied with interesting results in simple system engineering. This applies to a typical bottom-up optimization scheme:
- a system can be divided into subsystems (element sections) using a tree model;
- complex systems can be represented in a modular way and may be to illustrate how physical magnitudes flow through the system;
- analyzing different flow paths is possible to identify critical components that affect system performance;
- by optimizing these components and replacing them with more performance, it is possible to improve system performance.
Better formulations have been produced during the MAU EU FP7 Project. A new design method pairing the bottom-up optimization above with a preliminary system level top-down design has been formulated. The two-step design process has been motivated by considering that the constructive and modular design does not refer to any goal to be achieved in the design process. A theoretical formulation has been provided in recent papers, and is applied successfully to small plane designs, innovative conceptual plane design concepts, entropic new wall designs, and innovative off-road vehicles designed for energy efficiency..
See also
References
Further reading
- Schilling, MA., "Towards a general modular system theory and its application to interfirm product modularity" Academy of Management Review, 2000, Vol 25 (2): 312-334. [1]
- Erixon, O.G. and Ericsson, A., "Controlling Design Variants" "US: Society of Manufacturing Engineers 1999 [2] ISBN 0-87263-514-7 [3]
- Clark, K.B. and Baldwin, C.Y., " Design Rules Vol 1: Strength Modularity " Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press 2000 ISBNÃ, 0-262-02466-7
- Baldwin, C.Y., Clark, K.B., " Value of Modularity Options in Design " Harvard Business School, 2002 [4]
- Levin, Mark Sh. " Design and evaluation of modular systems ". Springer, 2015.
- Modularity in Formal & amp; Modeling Design Automatic Analysis
- "Modularity: upgrade to next generation design architecture", an interview
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments