Feed-and-switch is a form of fraud used in retail sales, but is also used in other contexts.
Video Bait-and-switch
In retail sales
First, customers are "baited" by the seller of a product or advertising service at a low price, but when customers visit the store they find that the advertised item is not available or not as good as expected, or the customer is pressured by the sales of people considering similar items , but more expensive ("switch").
Maps Bait-and-switch
Function
The purpose of bait-and-switch is to encourage the purchase of substitute goods, making consumers satisfied with the available stock offered, as an alternative to the disappointment or inconvenience of getting the goods (or bait) altogether, and taking into account the partial recovery of the charred expense spent trying to get the feed. This indicates that the seller will not show the advertised original product or service but will instead show a more expensive product or similar product with a higher margin.
Legality
In the United States, a court has declared that suppliers using feed-and-switch operations may be subject to customer suits for counterfeit advertising, and may be sued for trademark infringement by competing producers, retailers and others who benefit from the sale of products used as bait. However, no cause of action will exist if the supplier is really able to sell the advertised goods, but aggressively push the competing product.
Similarly, advertising sales while intending to purchase a limited amount of inventory, and thus selling out, the advertised superior product is legal in the United States. Suppliers may escape responsibility if they make it clear in their advertisements that the amount of goods on sale is limited, or by offering rain checks on sold-out items.
In England and Wales, bait and switches are prohibited under Consumer Protection from Unfair Trade Regulations 2008. Violating this law may result in criminal prosecution, unlimited penalties, and two years in prison. In Canada, this tactic is illegal under Act Competition .
In the EU, bait and transitional practices are illegal under the 2005 Unilateral Commercial Practice Guidelines, which require member states to pass legislation that implements directives.
Non-retail usage
- Feed and switch tactics are often used in airline advertising and air travel.
- The hotel widely uses the form of feed-and-switch tactics known as "resort fees". They first attract customers by advertising a lower price (which appears on all promotional materials and comparison tariff machines), and charge a "resort fee" fee to customers when they arrive for check-in.
- Recruitment. Many employers and employment agencies systematically use bait and switch tactics. Advertise one position and after the candidate sends a CV or take time off for a face-to-face interview then subtly change the nature of the position or offer a completely different position. Often there is no job at all and "job advertisement" is just a speculative trawler for a CV that may fit the HR requirements at some point in the future.
- Home service companies such as carpet cleaners, air conditioners, and industrial security systems often use bait-and-switch.
- Professional wrestling has long been using bait-and-switch tactics, promoting wrestlers and failed matches or refusing to appear or perform much differently than expected. Disclaimer on promotional materials, "Card Marked Changes", often used to justify or condone this.
- "Clickbait" refers to the form of Internet trolling where web users are misled into clicking on thumbnails, icons and buttons (eg "Download"), previews or text links, redirecting them to unwanted (and potentially harmful) web pages, , and other content.
Politics
In the drafting of laws, "text bills" proposing small changes in the law with simplified titles (bait) are introduced to the legislature with the ultimate goal of substantially altering later words (switches), to try to smooth the passage of controversial or major amendments. This deceptive practice is often called "Gut and Amend".
Rule changes are also proposed (feed) to meet legal requirements for public notification and public hearing mandates, so different rules are proposed at the final meeting (switch), so that passes the purpose of public notification and public discussion about the rules actually selected over.
While this political feedback-and-switch tactic is legal, the goal is to pass laws while passing community reviews, undermining the public's ability to influence legislation.
See also
References
External links
- Guide to "feed" ads from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission.
- Google feed and switched fraud switched on hearing, Forbes
- The Canadian Competition Bureau
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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